{"id":1409,"date":"2026-10-21T21:49:02","date_gmt":"2026-10-21T21:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/ro\/?page_id=1409"},"modified":"2026-10-22T05:43:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T05:43:47","slug":"journal","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/el\/journal\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0397\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"byj\"><header class=\"byj-hero\"><div class=\"byj-hero-img\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_eu_arhiva2.webp\" alt=\"\u039f C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\"><\/div><div class=\"byj-hero-txt\"><p class=\"byj-kicker\">\u0397\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/p><h1>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<\/h1><p class=\"byj-lead\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc \u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03c9 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p><\/div><\/header><nav class=\"byj-index\"><a href=\"#londra\"><span>01<\/span><b>\u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf, 1907<\/b><i>\u039f \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf<\/i><\/a><a href=\"#bitola-1909\"><span>02<\/span><b>\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, 1909<\/b><i>\u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac<\/i><\/a><a href=\"#plovdiv\"><span>03<\/span><b>\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, 1916\u20131919<\/b><i>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2<\/i><\/a><a href=\"#sliven\"><span>04<\/span><b>\u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd<\/b><i>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd<\/i><\/a><a href=\"#laista\"><span>05<\/span><b>\u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, 1898<\/b><i>\u03a4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/i><\/a><a href=\"#korce\"><span>06<\/span><b>\u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac<\/b><i>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<\/i><\/a><a href=\"#bitola-1911\"><span>07<\/span><b>\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, 1911<\/b><i>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7<\/i><\/a><\/nav><section class=\"byj-ch\" id=\"londra\"><header class=\"byj-head\"><span class=\"byj-no\">01<\/span><span class=\"byj-stamp\">\u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u00b7 1907<\/span><h2>\u039f \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf<\/h2><p class=\"byj-where\">\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1, \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1<\/p><\/header><div class=\"byj-scrolly\"><div class=\"byj-fig\"><div class=\"byj-frame\"><div class=\"byj-stage\"><img data-k=\"london\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_london.webp\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc: \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Criterion Theatre, \u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"byj-ring\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><p class=\"byj-cap\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-text\"><p data-f=\"london|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u0393\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1, \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1.\">\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2-\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03cd\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf, \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9, \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2. \u03a0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03be\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u0392\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p><p data-f=\"london|47|80|2.6\" data-cap=\"\u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf.\">\u039f \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2. \u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5: \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae Bioscope, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 300, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb \u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5 1905, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af 1906.<\/p><p data-f=\"london|50|64|3.4\" data-cap=\"Charles Wyndham \u00b7 Criterion Theatre \u00b7 Miss Mary Moore.\">\u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c5\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1, <em>Charles Wyndham<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <em>Miss Mary Moore<\/em>, \u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1, <em>Criterion Theatre<\/em>.<\/p><p data-f=\"london|52|56|3.6\" data-cap=\"\u00abThe Liars\u00bb, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03c9\u03bc\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Henry Arthur Jones.\">\u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03b1, \u03bf \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5: <em>The Liars<\/em>. \u039f\u03b9 \u03a8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p><p data-f=\"london|50|50|1.15\" data-cap=\"Criterion Theatre, Piccadilly Circus, 1907.\">\u0397 \u03ba\u03c9\u03bc\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Henry Arthur Jones \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c7\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Criterion \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf 1897, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae. \u03a4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. \u03a4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac, \u03c4\u03bf <em>The Liars<\/em> \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 13 \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 1907 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c7\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 15 \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf <em>The Mollusc<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.criterion-theatre.co.uk\/documentdownload.axd?documentresourceid=3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1907.<\/p><p data-f=\"london|42|62|1.8\" data-cap=\"\u03a4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 Rupert Street 48.\">\u0388\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bf \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf 1907 \u03bf Charles Urban, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 Bioscope, \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 Rupert Street 48. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Criterion \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1. \u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Piccadilly. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p><p>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5. \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039c\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u0394\u03ad\u03c3\u03c0\u03c9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b2\u03b4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1905. \u0393\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf 1907, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Emil \u021a\u00eercomnicu \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <em>Ioan D. Manakia \u00een documente din arhiva Societ\u0103\u021bii de Cultur\u0103 Macedo-Rom\u00e2n\u0103 (1906\u20131948)<\/em>, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 2024. \u03a0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u0392\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03b2\u03b4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac.<\/p><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"byj-film\"><video src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_despa.mp4\" muted loop playsinline preload=\"metadata\"><\/video><figcaption>\u0397 \u039c\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u0394\u03ad\u03c3\u03c0\u03c9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b2\u03b4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1, 1907. \u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae: \u039a\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/figcaption><\/figure><p class=\"byj-coda\">\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c9\u03bc\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c7\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"byj-ch\" id=\"bitola-1909\"><header class=\"byj-head\"><span class=\"byj-no\">02<\/span><span class=\"byj-stamp\">\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u00b7 1909<\/span><h2>\u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac<\/h2><p class=\"byj-where\">\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u00b7 14\u201315 \u03a3\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026<\/p><\/header><div class=\"byj-scrolly\"><div class=\"byj-fig\"><div class=\"byj-frame\"><div class=\"byj-stage\"><img data-k=\"s1417\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_1417-scaled.webp\" alt=\"\u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 1417\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-k=\"s515\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_515.webp\" alt=\"\u0388\u03be\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 515\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-k=\"st1\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_st1-scaled.webp\" alt=\"\u0397 \u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1 \u0393\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-k=\"tent\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_tent-scaled.webp\" alt=\"\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-k=\"st3\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_st3-scaled.webp\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"byj-ring\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><p class=\"byj-cap\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-text\"><p data-f=\"s1417|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 1417.\">\u039f \u039c\u03af\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ac \u039a\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bb. \u0395\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9. \u039f \u039a\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bb \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bb\u03cd\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7: \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u00ab\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039a\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bb \u0391\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03ba\u00bb.<\/p><p data-f=\"s515|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u0388\u03be\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf. \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 515.\">\u0397 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 1417 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae: \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae, \u03c6\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03ac, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b6\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1. \u0397 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 515 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf: \u03ad\u03be\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf, \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac. \u039f \u039a\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bb \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/p><p data-f=\"s515|77|27|3.6\" data-cap=\"\u0399\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03ae\u03bb \u0395\u03bd\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1, \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac. \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 515.\">\u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2. \u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03af\u03b1: \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u039f \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 515, \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0399\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03ae\u03bb \u0395\u03bd\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1, \u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u0395\u03bd\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c3\u03ac\u03c2, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p><p data-f=\"s1417|18|60.5|4.2\" data-cap=\"\u0399\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03ae\u03bb \u0395\u03bd\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1, \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac. \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 1417.\">\u039f \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 1417, \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac, \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p><p data-f=\"s515|77|27|2.2\">\u039f \u0395\u03bd\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u039a\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bb \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac, \u03c4\u03bf 1881. \u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03b9. \u039f \u0395\u03bd\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf. \u039f \u039a\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bb \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1.<\/p><p data-f=\"st1|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, 1909.\">\u0391\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bb \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5, \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1: \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Goce, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Dimitar \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 Maria. \u0395\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p><p data-f=\"st1|50|62|1.3\">\u0395\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 1909. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1908 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1909 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bd\u03b9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0391\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb \u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03c4 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc \u039a\u03cc\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1 \u0393\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c3\u03ac, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc. \u039f \u0393\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0392\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af.<\/p><p data-f=\"st1|64.4|54|4.2\" data-cap=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1: \u03bf \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.\">\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1: \u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1. \u039c\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae: \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c6\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac, \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p><p data-f=\"tent|54.4|50.4|3\" data-cap=\"\u0391\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: \u03bf \u039a\u03cc\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1 \u0393\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf.\">\u0397 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1: \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2\u00b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c0\u03b7. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03c5\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c7\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b7: \u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1 \u0393\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03c2.<\/p><p data-f=\"tent|46.7|50.2|5\" data-cap=\"\u0391\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: \u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac.\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p><p data-f=\"st3|50|55|1.2\" data-cap=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1.\">\u0397 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p><p data-f=\"st3|64.4|55.2|5.5\" data-cap=\"\u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.\">\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf \u039c\u03af\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u039f \u039c\u03af\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ac \u039a\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bb \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1. \u0397 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5. \u0391\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5.<\/p><p data-f=\"st1|64.4|54|6\" data-cap=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2.\">\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03af\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03af\u03b1. \u0396\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7. \u039f \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 Aurelian B\u0103dulescu \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03ba: \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c1\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c1\u03cd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5: \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"byj-after\"><p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2\u2013\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u039f\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03bf 1894. \u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1 \u0393\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1909\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1. \u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03bb\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0392\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1: \u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5, \u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5.<\/p><p>\u039f \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af. \u03a4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03ba\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03b2\u03bb\u03bf \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1: 13 \u0399\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 1894.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-trio\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_gara_front.webp\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, 2026\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026.<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_gara_peron_v2.webp\" alt=\"\u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc.<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_gara_placa_v2.webp\" alt=\"\u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1: \u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2\u2013\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, 13 \u0399\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 1894\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 1894. \u03a3\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2026.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><p class=\"byj-doc\"><a href=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Expertiza_Ataturk_Badulescu.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u00b7 Aurelian B\u0103dulescu (PDF)<\/a><\/p><div class=\"byj-pair\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_eu_arhiva.webp\" alt=\"\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03a3\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2026.\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u03a4\u03bf \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03a3\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026.<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_eu_camera.webp\" alt=\"\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03a3\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2026.\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u03a4\u03bf \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><p class=\"byj-coda\">\u0394\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"byj-ch\" id=\"plovdiv\"><header class=\"byj-head\"><span class=\"byj-no\">03<\/span><span class=\"byj-stamp\">\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u00b7 1916\u20131919<\/span><h2>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2<\/h2><p class=\"byj-where\">\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u00b7 \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2026<\/p><\/header><div class=\"byj-scrolly\"><div class=\"byj-fig\"><div class=\"byj-frame\"><div class=\"byj-stage\"><img data-k=\"p2336\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_2336.webp\" alt=\"\u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c3\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1, \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-k=\"p3387\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_3387.webp\" alt=\"\u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b9, \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"byj-ring\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><p class=\"byj-cap\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-text\"><p data-f=\"p2336|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, 1916\u20131919.\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1916 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1919 \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019 \u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc. \u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p><p data-f=\"p2336|45|35|3\" data-cap=\"\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae: \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1.\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0394\u03cd\u03bf, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1.<\/p><p data-f=\"p3387|46|38|2.6\" data-cap=\"\u0397 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae: \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b9.\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b9, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc. \u0393\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1: \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac \u03c7\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5: \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p><p data-f=\"p3387|50|50|1\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1: \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u0395\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Petko Todorov, \u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc: \u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7. \u039f Petko \u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1. \u00ab\u039d\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03c9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2.\u00bb<\/p><p data-f=\"p3387|54.6|36|3.4\" data-cap=\"\u0397 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7.\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac, \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ce\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7.<\/p><p data-f=\"p2336|43|32|3.4\" data-cap=\"\u0397 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7.\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1: \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03c7\u03c4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9: <em>Manaki<\/em>, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, <em>Phil.<\/em>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"byj-trio byj-port\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_barber_found.webp\" alt=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5.\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5.<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_barber.webp\" alt=\"Konstantin Giorgiev Iakumidis, \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae Manaki, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7.\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>Konstantin Giorgiev Iakumidis, \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae Manaki, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7.<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_woman.webp\" alt=\"\u03a0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae Manaki, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7.\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u03a0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae Manaki, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"byj-after\"><p>\u03a4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5: Konstantin Giorgiev Iakumidis, \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1: \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 <em>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0430\u0444\u044c\u043e\u0440<\/em>, \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1.<\/p><\/div><figure class=\"byj-cmp\"><div class=\"byj-cmp-box\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_plov_azi2.webp\" alt=\"\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, 2026\" loading=\"lazy\"><div class=\"byj-cmp-top\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_3289.webp\" alt=\"\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, 1916\u20131919\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><span class=\"byj-cmp-l\">\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, 1916\u20131919<\/span><span class=\"byj-cmp-r\">\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, 2026<\/span><input type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"100\" value=\"50\" aria-label=\"\u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1: \u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1.\"><\/div><figcaption>\u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1: \u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1.<\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"byj-after\"><p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9, \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1: <em>\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/em>, \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bf. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019 \u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1. \u039c\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf.<\/p><p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2. \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03af: \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-solo byj-port\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_5324.webp\" alt=\"\u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, 1916\u20131919.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><p class=\"byj-coda\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u0395\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"byj-ch\" id=\"sliven\"><header class=\"byj-head\"><span class=\"byj-no\">04<\/span><span class=\"byj-stamp\">\u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd \u00b7 2026<\/span><h2>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd<\/h2><p class=\"byj-where\">\u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd \u00b7 \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2026<\/p><\/header><div class=\"byj-scrolly\"><div class=\"byj-fig\"><div class=\"byj-frame\"><div class=\"byj-stage\"><img data-k=\"sl1916\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_sliven1916.webp\" alt=\"\u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c9\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"byj-ring\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><p class=\"byj-cap\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-text\"><p data-f=\"sl1916|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bf: \u00ab\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb.\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u00ab\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u00bb. \u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc. \u039f\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7.<\/p><p data-f=\"sl1916|42|80|2.6\" data-cap=\"\u039f \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf.\">\u03a4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5. \u0397 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p><p data-f=\"sl1916|60|22|2.4\" data-cap=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1.\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03af\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af: \u03c4\u03b1 \u03a3\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9, \u03bf\u03b9 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u0392\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9, \u03bf \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c0\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ae\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p><p data-f=\"sl1916|50|55|1.5\">\u03a0\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c8\u03b1\u03be\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf. \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7, \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u0397 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd.<\/p><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"byj-cmp\"><div class=\"byj-cmp-box\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_sliven2026.webp\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd, 2026\" loading=\"lazy\"><div class=\"byj-cmp-top\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_sliven1916.webp\" alt=\"\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, 1916\u20131919\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><span class=\"byj-cmp-l\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, 1916\u20131919<\/span><span class=\"byj-cmp-r\">\u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd, 2026<\/span><input type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"100\" value=\"50\" aria-label=\"\u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1: \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.\"><\/div><figcaption>\u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1: \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.<\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"byj-after\"><p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf. \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1916 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1919, \u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7. \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae; \u038a\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u038a\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2. \u0389 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u0392\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u2019 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac.<\/p><\/div><\/section><section class=\"byj-ch\" id=\"laista\"><header class=\"byj-head\"><span class=\"byj-no\">05<\/span><span class=\"byj-stamp\">\u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u00b7 1898<\/span><h2>\u03a4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/h2><p class=\"byj-where\">\u0396\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9, 2017 \u00b7 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, 2024 \u00b7 \u039e\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7, 2025\u20132026<\/p><\/header><div class=\"byj-scrolly\"><div class=\"byj-fig\"><div class=\"byj-frame\"><div class=\"byj-stage\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" data-k=\"laista2\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laista2.webp?ssl=1\" alt=\"\u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" data-k=\"laista0\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laista0.webp?ssl=1\" alt=\"\u039a\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"byj-ring\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><p class=\"byj-cap\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-text\"><p data-f=\"laista2|50|50|1\">\u0397 \u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u039b\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0396\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u0393\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 1900 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ad\u03b1. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2: \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/p><p data-f=\"laista2|50|40|1.4\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7: \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 1900. \u03a4\u03bf 2017 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03a4\u03b6\u03af\u03bc\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u039b\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac: 1898. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03ae\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac.<\/p><p data-f=\"laista2|50|60|1.8\" data-cap=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1.\">\u0397 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03af\u03c1\u03b1. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p><p data-f=\"laista0|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1.\">\u038e\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf 2024, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae. \u03a4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03a1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"byj-trio\"><figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laista0.webp?ssl=1\" alt=\"\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laista1.webp?ssl=1\" alt=\"\u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Laista2.webp?ssl=1\" alt=\"\u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"byj-after\"><p>\u03a4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039e\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039d\u03bf\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2025. \u03a4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03a3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7. \u0395\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf. \u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af, \u03c0\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c6\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u0393\u03c1\u03b5\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039b\u03ac\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p><p>\u039e\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a6\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2026, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u0394\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039e\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b2\u03ac, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7. \u039b\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-wide\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_xanthi.webp\" alt=\"\u039e\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7, 23 \u03a6\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026. \u0397 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf.\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption>\u039e\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7, 23 \u03a6\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2026. \u0397 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/section><section class=\"byj-ch\" id=\"korce\"><header class=\"byj-head\"><span class=\"byj-no\">06<\/span><span class=\"byj-stamp\">\u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u00b7 2025<\/span><h2>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<\/h2><p class=\"byj-where\">\u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u00b7 \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2025<\/p><\/header><div class=\"byj-scrolly\"><div class=\"byj-fig\"><div class=\"byj-frame\"><div class=\"byj-stage\"><img data-k=\"k1900\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_korce_1900.webp\" alt=\"\u0397 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac, \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-k=\"kazi\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_korce_azi7193.webp\" alt=\"\u0397 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-k=\"kcontur\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_korce_contur.webp\" alt=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"byj-ring\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><p class=\"byj-cap\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-text\"><p data-f=\"k1900|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 20\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1. \u0393\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1, \u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1.\">\u0397 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03af\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac: \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2, \u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03c6\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bd\u03cc \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u039c\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bb\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc drone.<\/p><p data-f=\"k1900|31|31|3.4\" data-cap=\"\u039f \u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u039c\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c1.\">\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af. \u0397 \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2. \u0393\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 1900 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03ba\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2: \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1905.<\/p><p data-f=\"kazi|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac, \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2025.\">\u0397 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u201960 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7. \u039e\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac: \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c7\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1. \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u039c\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c1\u00b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u201970. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf. \u0397 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u0395\u03bd\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1 \u03a7\u03cc\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1, \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 2014.<\/p><p data-f=\"kcontur|50|52|1\" data-cap=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf.\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf, \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c8\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03b2\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5, \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u0392\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"byj-cmp\"><div class=\"byj-cmp-box\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_korce_azi7193.webp\" alt=\"\u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac, 2025\" loading=\"lazy\"><div class=\"byj-cmp-top\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_korce_1900.webp\" alt=\"\u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf 1905\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><span class=\"byj-cmp-l\">\u0391\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1<\/span><span class=\"byj-cmp-r\">\u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac, 2025<\/span><input type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"100\" value=\"50\" aria-label=\"\u0397 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1\"><\/div><figcaption>\u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1: \u03b7 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/section><section class=\"byj-ch\" id=\"bitola-1911\"><header class=\"byj-head\"><span class=\"byj-no\">07<\/span><span class=\"byj-stamp\">\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u00b7 1911<\/span><h2>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7<\/h2><p class=\"byj-where\">\u039c\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u00b7 \u039d\u03bf\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 2025<\/p><\/header><div class=\"byj-scrolly\"><div class=\"byj-fig\"><div class=\"byj-frame\"><div class=\"byj-stage\"><img data-k=\"su1911\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_sultan1911.webp\" alt=\"\u039f \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4 \u0395\u0384 \u03a1\u03b5\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9, 1911\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img data-k=\"suazi\" src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_sultan_azi.webp\" alt=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"byj-ring\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><p class=\"byj-cap\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"byj-text\"><p data-f=\"suazi|50|45|1\" data-cap=\"\u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1: \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5.\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7: \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b5\u03c7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4 \u0395\u0384 \u03a1\u03b5\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1911. \u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u0392\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p><p data-f=\"su1911|50|50|1\" data-cap=\"\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9 1911.\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9: \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03bf \u0391\u0384 \u0392\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1.<\/p><p data-f=\"su1911|58|40|1.8\" data-cap=\"\u0397 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7.\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2. \u0397 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9. \u0391\u03c0\u2019 \u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b7 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7.<\/p><p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7: \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u03ae, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039b\u03af\u03b3\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"byj-film\"><video src=\"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/j_sultan.mp4\" muted loop playsinline preload=\"metadata\"><\/video><figcaption>\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b5\u03c7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4 \u0395\u0384 \u03a1\u03b5\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9, 1911. \u03a4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae: \u039a\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/section><footer class=\"byj-end\"><p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9. \u039f\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p><\/footer><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0397\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf \u039f\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 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