{"id":1974,"date":"2026-10-26T08:12:04","date_gmt":"2026-10-26T08:12:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/research\/rephotography\/"},"modified":"2026-10-26T19:57:21","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T19:57:21","slug":"rephotography","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/beyondyesterday.org\/sq\/research\/rephotography\/","title":{"rendered":"Rifotografimi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style>\n.rpg{--pa:#f4f1ea;--tx:#2f2b25;--dm:#776f63;--oc:#b5762c;--ru:#d8d0c0;\n background:var(--pa);color:var(--tx);font:400 17px\/1.7 \"Iowan Old Style\",Palatino,Georgia,serif;\n margin:0;padding:0 0 80px;overflow-x:hidden}\n.rpg *{box-sizing:border-box}\n.rpg .wrp{max-width:980px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 30px}\n.rpg .hero{max-width:1240px;margin:0 auto;padding:40px 30px 0}\n.rpg .hero img{width:100%;display:block;border-radius:2px}\n.rpg .hcap{max-width:1240px;margin:8px auto 0;padding:0 30px;font-size:12.5px;color:#978e7f}\n.rpg h1{margin:56px 0 14px;font:400 clamp(32px,5vw,52px)\/1.1 \"Iowan Old Style\",Palatino,Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:-.015em;color:#1f1c18}\n.rpg .lead{margin:0 0 10px;max-width:58ch;font-size:19px;line-height:1.65;color:#5c554a}\n.rpg h2{margin:58px 0 16px;font:400 27px\/1.25 \"Iowan Old Style\",Palatino,Georgia,serif;color:#241f1a}\n.rpg p{margin:0 0 15px;max-width:62ch}\n.rpg figure{margin:26px 0 8px}\n.rpg figure img{width:100%;display:block;border-radius:2px}\n.rpg figcaption{margin-top:8px;font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.55;color:#776f63}\n.rpg .vwrap{position:relative;line-height:0;border-radius:2px;overflow:hidden}\n.rpg .vwrap video{width:100%;display:block}\n.rpg .vend{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;background-size:cover;background-position:center;\n opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .6s;display:flex;align-items:flex-end;justify-content:flex-end;padding:16px}\n.rpg .vend.on{opacity:1;pointer-events:auto}\n.rpg .vend button{font:500 13px\/1 Palatino,Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:lowercase;\n border:0;border-radius:3px;padding:9px 14px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.88);color:#2f2b25;cursor:pointer}\n.rpg .vend button:hover{background:#fff}\n.rpg .gal2{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:26px}\n.rpg a{color:var(--oc);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(181,118,44,.42);padding-bottom:1px}\n.rpg a:hover{color:#8f5a1c}\n.rpg .foot{margin-top:62px;padding-top:22px;border-top:1px solid var(--ru);font-size:15px;color:#5c554a;max-width:66ch}\n.rpg .credit{margin-top:14px;font-size:12.5px;color:#978e7f}\n@media(max-width:900px){.rpg .gal2{grid-template-columns:1fr}.rpg .hero,.rpg .wrp,.rpg .hcap{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}}\nbody.page-id-1974 .entry-title,body.page-id-1974 .ast-archive-description{display:none!important}\nbody.page-id-1974 .site-content .ast-container{max-width:none!important;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important}\nbody.page-id-1974 .site-content{background:#f4f1ea}\nbody.page-id-1974 .by-home-em{background:rgba(255,253,249,.94)!important;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #d8d0c0!important}\nbody.page-id-1974 .by-home-em i::before{border-color:#6b6253!important}\nbody.page-id-1974 .by-home-em i::after{background:#b5762c!important;border-color:#b5762c!important}\nbody.page-id-1974 .by-home-nm{color:rgba(47,43,37,.52)!important}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"rpg\"><div class=\"hero\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-pades-blend.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/div><div class=\"hcap\" data-k=\"herocap\">Pades, Pindus. The Manakia photograph dissolving into today\u2019s view from the same point.<\/div><div class=\"wrp\"><h1 data-k=\"title\">Rephotography<\/h1><p class=\"lead\" data-k=\"lead\">Returning with a camera to the place of an old photograph. The method sounds simple. The terrain complicates it every time.<\/p><h2 data-k=\"s1t\">What stays in the frame<\/h2><p data-k=\"s1.0\">A photograph fixes a fraction of a second, and a place to stand. The photographer leaves; the place goes on changing. A road moves, a house falls, a forest grows, a village empties or fills with other people.<\/p><p data-k=\"s1.1\">Rephotography begins with a return. You look for the point from which the first photograph was taken, recover it as closely as the terrain allows, and make another. The old photograph is both the map and the riddle: a ridge in the background identifies the valley, a roofline gives the height of the camera, a street corner no longer exists.<\/p><p data-k=\"s1.2\">At Pades, the bare, terraced slopes of 1900 now stand under forest. No archive says this as plainly as the two images side by side.<\/p><figure><div class=\"vwrap\" data-end=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-sup-end.jpg\"><video controls muted playsinline preload=\"metadata\" poster=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-sup-poster.jpg\"><source src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-pades-suprapunere.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><\/video><\/div><figcaption data-k=\"v1cap\">The old photograph settles over today\u2019s village, then lifts.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 data-k=\"s3t\">A detective in the past and the present<\/h2><p data-k=\"s3.0\">It is detective work, in the past and the present at once. The clues are in the backgrounds: the profile of a mountain, the angle between a bell tower and a ridge, the height from which someone looked. The witnesses are the people of the place: one recognises a house, another remembers why a road was abandoned. And sometimes the inquiry changes the label: a panorama catalogued as Plovdiv turned out, by its mountains, to be Sliven.<\/p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-foto-in-mana.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption data-k=\"handcap\">In the field, the old photograph serves as the map.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 data-k=\"s4t\">Theory and terrain<\/h2><p data-k=\"s4.0\">On paper the method has stages: identify the archival object, test the geographical attribution, reconstruct the camera position, photograph, record what does not fit. In the field it is different every time: the exact spot is under a new building, inside a forest, behind a fence. The method adapts to the terrain.<\/p><p data-k=\"s4.1\">That is why every published pair also says how certain it is: close alignment; approximate alignment; site identified, viewpoint unresolved; interpretive pairing. An honest sentence about uncertainty is itself a result.<\/p><h2 data-k=\"pairst\">More then-and-now pairs<\/h2><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-pades-pereche.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption data-k=\"p_pades\">Pades, c. 1900 and today.<\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"gal2\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-syrrako-pereche.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption data-k=\"p_syr\">Syrrako \/ Sereacu, c. 1900 and today.<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-ioannina-pereche.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption data-k=\"p_ioa\">Ioannina \/ Ianina, c. 1900 and today.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-krusevo-pereche.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption data-k=\"p_kru\">Kru\u0161evo \/ Cru\u0219uva, c. 1900 and today.<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure><div class=\"vwrap\" data-end=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-ceata-end.jpg\"><video controls muted playsinline preload=\"metadata\" poster=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-ceata-poster.jpg\"><source src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/by-rp-pades-ceata.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><\/video><\/div><figcaption data-k=\"v2cap\">Mists run quickly over Pades.<\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"foot\"><span data-k=\"foot\">The full field method, the citation rules and the gazetteer of place names are published in English: <a href=\"\/research\/field-method\/\">Field method<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"\/research\/how-to-cite\/\">How to cite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"\/research\/gazetteer\/\">Gazetteer<\/a>. The cases, told one by one, in the <a href=\"\/journal\/\">Journal<\/a>.<\/span><div class=\"credit\" data-k=\"credit\">Photographs from c. 1900: the Manakia brothers. Rephotographs, drone footage and montages: C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<script id=\"rpI18N\" type=\"application\/json\">{\"ro\":{\"title\":\"Refotografierea\",\"lead\":\"\u00centoarcerea cu aparatul la locul unei fotografii vechi. Metoda sun\u0103 simplu. Terenul o complic\u0103 de fiecare dat\u0103.\",\"herocap\":\"Pades, Pind. Fotografia fra\u021bilor Manakia, topit\u0103 \u00een vederea de azi din acela\u0219i punct.\",\"s1t\":\"Ce r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een cadru\",\"s1\":[\"O fotografie fixeaz\u0103 o frac\u021biune de secund\u0103. Fixeaz\u0103 \u0219i locul din care s-a privit. Fotograful pleac\u0103; locul continu\u0103 s\u0103 se schimbe. Un drum se mut\u0103, o cas\u0103 cade, o p\u0103dure cre\u0219te, un sat se gole\u0219te sau se umple de al\u021bi oameni.\",\"Refotografierea \u00eencepe cu o \u00eentoarcere. Cau\u021bi punctul din care s-a f\u0103cut prima fotografie, \u00eel reg\u0103se\u0219ti c\u00e2t de exact \u00eeng\u0103duie terenul \u0219i faci alta. Fotografia veche e \u00een acela\u0219i timp harta \u0219i enigma: o creast\u0103 din fundal identific\u0103 valea, linia unui acoperi\u0219 d\u0103 \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea aparatului, un col\u021b de strad\u0103 nu mai exist\u0103.\",\"La Pades, versan\u021bii goi \u0219i terasa\u021bi de la 1900 sunt azi sub p\u0103dure. Nicio arhiv\u0103 nu spune asta la fel de limpede ca al\u0103turarea celor dou\u0103 imagini.\"],\"v1cap\":\"Fotografia veche se a\u0219az\u0103 peste satul de azi, apoi se ridic\u0103.\",\"s3t\":\"Detectiv \u00een trecut \u0219i \u00een prezent\",\"s3\":[\"E o munc\u0103 de detectiv, \u00een trecut \u0219i \u00een prezent deodat\u0103. Indiciile stau \u00een fundaluri: profilul muntelui, unghiul dintre clopotni\u021b\u0103 \u0219i creast\u0103, \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea de la care s-a privit. Martorii sunt oamenii locului: cineva recunoa\u0219te o cas\u0103, altcineva \u00ee\u0219i aminte\u0219te de ce s-a p\u0103r\u0103sit un drum. Iar uneori ancheta schimb\u0103 eticheta: o panoram\u0103 catalogat\u0103 \u201ePlovdiv\u201d s-a dovedit, dup\u0103 mun\u021bi, a fi Sliven.\"],\"handcap\":\"Pe teren, fotografia veche \u021bine loc de hart\u0103.\",\"s4t\":\"Teoria \u0219i terenul\",\"s4\":[\"Pe h\u00e2rtie, metoda are etape: identifici obiectul din arhiv\u0103, verifici atribuirea geografic\u0103, reconstitui pozi\u021bia aparatului, fotografiezi, notezi ce nu se potrive\u0219te. \u00cen practic\u0103 lucrurile stau de fiecare dat\u0103 altfel: punctul exact e sub o cl\u0103dire nou\u0103, \u00een p\u0103dure, dincolo de un gard. Metoda se adapteaz\u0103 la teren.\",\"De aceea fiecare pereche publicat\u0103 spune \u0219i c\u00e2t de sigur\u0103 e: aliniere str\u00e2ns\u0103; aliniere aproximativ\u0103; loc identificat, punct nerezolvat; pereche interpretativ\u0103. O propozi\u021bie cinstit\u0103 despre nesiguran\u021b\u0103 e \u0219i ea un rezultat.\"],\"pairst\":\"Alte perechi ieri\u2013azi\",\"p_pades\":\"Pades, c. 1900 \u0219i azi.\",\"p_syr\":\"Syrrako \/ Sereacu, c. 1900 \u0219i azi.\",\"p_ioa\":\"Ioannina \/ Ianina, c. 1900 \u0219i azi.\",\"p_kru\":\"Kru\u0161evo \/ Cru\u0219uva, c. 1900 \u0219i azi.\",\"v2cap\":\"Ce\u021burile trec repede peste Pades.\",\"foot\":\"Metoda pe larg, regulile de citare \u0219i indicele numelor de locuri: <a href=\\\"\/ro\/research\/field-method\/\\\">Metoda de teren<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/ro\/research\/how-to-cite\/\\\">Cum se citeaz\u0103<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/ro\/research\/gazetteer\/\\\">Repertoriu toponimic<\\\/a>. Cazurile, povestite pe r\u00e2nd, \u00een <a href=\\\"\/ro\/journal\/\\\">Jurnal<\\\/a>.\",\"credit\":\"Fotografiile de la 1900: fra\u021bii Manakia. Refotografierile, film\u0103rile \u0219i montajele: C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin.\",\"replay\":\"reia\"},\"el\":{\"title\":\"\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\",\"lead\":\"\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac.\",\"herocap\":\"\u03a0\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b2\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf.\",\"s1t\":\"\u03a4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\",\"s1\":[\"\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2. \u039f \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u0387 \u03bf \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ae \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.\",\"\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7. \u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1: \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03cd\u03c8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b1.\",\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a0\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1900 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7.\"],\"v1cap\":\"\u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03ba\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.\",\"s3t\":\"\u039d\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\",\"s3\":[\"\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1: \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7 \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae, \u03c4\u03bf \u03cd\u03c8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5: \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1: \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c9\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bb\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd.\"],\"handcap\":\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.\",\"s4t\":\"\u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\",\"s4\":[\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1: \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf, \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03c2: \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03c4\u03b7. \u0397 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2.\",\"\u0393\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b2\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u0387 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u0387 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u0387 \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1.\"],\"pairst\":\"\u039a\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2\u2013\u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\",\"p_pades\":\"\u03a0\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c0. 1900 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.\",\"p_syr\":\"\u03a3\u03c5\u03c1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf \/ Sereacu, \u03c0. 1900 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.\",\"p_ioa\":\"\u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \/ Ianina, \u03c0. 1900 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.\",\"p_kru\":\"\u039a\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf \/ Cru\u0219uva, \u03c0. 1900 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.\",\"v2cap\":\"\u039f\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a0\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2.\",\"foot\":\"\u0397 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: <a href=\\\"\/el\/research\/field-method\/\\\">Field method<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/el\/research\/how-to-cite\/\\\">How to cite<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/el\/research\/gazetteer\/\\\">Gazetteer<\\\/a>. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <a href=\\\"\/el\/journal\/\\\">Journal<\\\/a>.\",\"credit\":\"\u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1900 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5: \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6: C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin.\",\"replay\":\"\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\"},\"sq\":{\"title\":\"Rifotografimi\",\"lead\":\"Kthimi me aparat n\u00eb vendin e nj\u00eb fotografie t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr. Metoda ting\u00ebllon e thjesht\u00eb. Terreni e nd\u00ebrlikon \u00e7do her\u00eb.\",\"herocap\":\"Pades, Pind. Fotografia e v\u00ebllez\u00ebrve Manakia tretet n\u00eb pamjen e sotme, nga e nj\u00ebjta pik\u00eb.\",\"s1t\":\"\u00c7far\u00eb mbetet n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr\",\"s1\":[\"Nj\u00eb fotografi fikson nj\u00eb th\u00ebrrmij\u00eb sekonde dhe nj\u00eb vend prej nga \u00ebsht\u00eb par\u00eb. Fotografi largohet; vendi vazhdon t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb. Nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb zhvendoset, nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi rr\u00ebzohet, nj\u00eb pyll rritet, nj\u00eb fshat zbrazet ose mbushet me njer\u00ebz t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.\",\"Rifotografimi nis me nj\u00eb kthim. K\u00ebrkon pik\u00ebn prej nga u b\u00eb fotografia e par\u00eb, e rigjen aq sakt\u00eb sa e lejon terreni dhe b\u00ebn nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr. Fotografia e vjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht harta dhe enigma: nj\u00eb kresht\u00eb n\u00eb sfond identifikon lugin\u00ebn, vija e nj\u00eb \u00e7atie jep lart\u00ebsin\u00eb e aparatit, nj\u00eb qoshe rruge nuk ekziston m\u00eb.\",\"N\u00eb Pades, shpatet e zhveshura e t\u00eb tarracuara t\u00eb vitit 1900 sot jan\u00eb n\u00ebn pyll. Asnj\u00eb arkiv nuk e th\u00ebot k\u00ebt\u00eb aq qart\u00eb sa dy fotografit\u00eb nj\u00ebra pran\u00eb tjetr\u00ebs.\"],\"v1cap\":\"Fotografia e vjet\u00ebr ulet mbi fshatin e sot\u00ebm, pastaj ngrihet.\",\"s3t\":\"Detektiv n\u00eb t\u00eb shkuar\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb tashmen\",\"s3\":[\"\u00c9sht\u00eb pun\u00eb detektivi, n\u00eb t\u00eb shkuar\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb tashmen nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh. Gjurm\u00ebt jan\u00eb n\u00eb sfondet: profili i nj\u00eb mali, k\u00ebndi midis nj\u00eb kambanoreje dhe nj\u00eb kreshte, lart\u00ebsia prej nga ka par\u00eb dikush. D\u00ebshmitar\u00ebt jan\u00eb njer\u00ebzit e vendit: dikush njeh nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, dikush tjet\u00ebr kujton pse u braktis nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb. Dhe ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb hetimi ndryshon etiket\u00ebn: nj\u00eb panoram\u00eb e kataloguar si Plovdiv doli, nga malet e saj, se ishte Sliven.\"],\"handcap\":\"N\u00eb terren, fotografia e vjet\u00ebr sh\u00ebrben si hart\u00eb.\",\"s4t\":\"Teoria dhe terreni\",\"s4\":[\"N\u00eb let\u00ebr metoda ka etapa: identifikon objektin arkivor, verifikon atribuimin gjeografik, rind\u00ebrton pozicionin e aparatit, fotografon, sh\u00ebnon \u00e7far\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrputhet. N\u00eb terren \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7do her\u00eb ndryshe: pika e sakt\u00eb ndodhet n\u00ebn nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb t\u00eb re, n\u00eb pyll, pas nj\u00eb gardhi. Metoda p\u00ebrshtatet me terrenin.\",\"Prandaj \u00e7do \u00e7ift i botuar thot\u00eb edhe sa i sigurt \u00ebsht\u00eb: p\u00ebrputhje e ngusht\u00eb; p\u00ebrputhje e p\u00ebraf\u00ebrt; vend i identifikuar, pik\u00eb e pazgjidhur; \u00e7ift interpretues. Nj\u00eb fjali e ndershme p\u00ebr pasigurin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe ajo nj\u00eb rezultat.\"],\"pairst\":\"\u00c7ifte t\u00eb tjera dje\u2013sot\",\"p_pades\":\"Pades, rreth 1900 dhe sot.\",\"p_syr\":\"Syrrako \/ Sereacu, rreth 1900 dhe sot.\",\"p_ioa\":\"Janin\u00eb \/ Ianina, rreth 1900 dhe sot.\",\"p_kru\":\"Krush\u00ebv\u00eb \/ Cru\u0219uva, rreth 1900 dhe sot.\",\"v2cap\":\"Mjegullat kalojn\u00eb shpejt mbi Pades.\",\"foot\":\"Metoda e plot\u00eb, rregullat e citimit dhe treguesi i emrave t\u00eb vendeve botohen n\u00eb anglisht: <a href=\\\"\/sq\/research\/field-method\/\\\">Field method<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/sq\/research\/how-to-cite\/\\\">How to cite<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/sq\/research\/gazetteer\/\\\">Gazetteer<\\\/a>. Rastet, nj\u00eb nga nj\u00eb, n\u00eb <a href=\\\"\/sq\/journal\/\\\">Journal<\\\/a>.\",\"credit\":\"Fotografit\u00eb e rreth vitit 1900: v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit Manakia. Rifotografimet, xhirimet dhe montazhet: C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin.\",\"replay\":\"p\u00ebrs\u00ebri\"},\"mk\":{\"title\":\"\u0420\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430\",\"lead\":\"\u0412\u0440\u0430\u045c\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e. \u0422\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442 \u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u043f\u0430\u0442.\",\"herocap\":\"\u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441, \u041f\u0438\u043d\u0434. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u045c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430.\",\"s1t\":\"\u0428\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0442\",\"s1\":[\"\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b \u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430; \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430. \u041f\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u0443\u045c\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0453\u0430, \u0448\u0443\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435, \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0453\u0435.\",\"\u0420\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0430\u045c\u0430\u045a\u0435. \u0408\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0448 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430, \u0458\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043e\u0453\u0430\u0448 \u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0448\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442, \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0448 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430: \u0441\u0440\u0442 \u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0458\u0430 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0458\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u045c\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438.\",\"\u0412\u043e \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441, \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 1900 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0448\u0443\u043c\u0430. \u041d\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0458\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430.\"],\"v1cap\":\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0437 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430.\",\"s3t\":\"\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0432\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\",\"s3\":[\"\u0422\u043e\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e. \u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0453\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0442, \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b. \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0446\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043b\u0443\u0453\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e: \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u045c\u0430, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u045c\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e \u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u043f\u0430\u0442. \u0410 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0448 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0458\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430: \u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e \u041f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0434\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0430, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0435 \u0421\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d.\"],\"handcap\":\"\u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430.\",\"s4t\":\"\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442\",\"s4\":[\"\u041d\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u0438: \u0433\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442, \u0458\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430, \u0458\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0448 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0448, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0448\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0453\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u043f\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0443: \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430, \u0432\u043e \u0448\u0443\u043c\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442.\",\"\u0417\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u043e\u0431\u0458\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d: \u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435; \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430; \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0440. \u0427\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0442.\"],\"pairst\":\"\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430\u2013\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\",\"p_pades\":\"\u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441, \u043e\u043a. 1900 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441.\",\"p_syr\":\"\u0421\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e \/ Sereacu, \u043e\u043a. 1900 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441.\",\"p_ioa\":\"\u0408\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430 \/ Ianina, \u043e\u043a. 1900 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441.\",\"p_kru\":\"\u041a\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043e \/ Cru\u0219uva, \u043e\u043a. 1900 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441.\",\"v2cap\":\"\u041c\u0430\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u0437\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441.\",\"foot\":\"\u0426\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0458\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438: <a href=\\\"\/mk\/research\/field-method\/\\\">Field method<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/mk\/research\/how-to-cite\/\\\">How to cite<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/mk\/research\/gazetteer\/\\\">Gazetteer<\\\/a>. \u0421\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d, \u0432\u043e <a href=\\\"\/mk\/journal\/\\\">Journal<\\\/a>.\",\"credit\":\"\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0434 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 1900: \u0431\u0440\u0430\u045c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435: C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin.\",\"replay\":\"\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\"},\"tr\":{\"title\":\"Yeniden foto\u011fraflama\",\"lead\":\"Eski bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n \u00e7ekildi\u011fi yere makineyle geri d\u00f6nmek. Y\u00f6ntem basit g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Arazi her seferinde i\u015fi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.\",\"herocap\":\"Pades, Pindos. Manaki karde\u015flerin foto\u011fraf\u0131, ayn\u0131 noktadan bug\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7inde eriyor.\",\"s1t\":\"Karede ne kal\u0131r\",\"s1\":[\"Bir foto\u011fraf saniyenin bir kesrini sabitler ve bak\u0131lan bir noktay\u0131. Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 gider; yer de\u011fi\u015fmeye devam eder. Bir yol kayar, bir ev y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r, bir orman b\u00fcy\u00fcr, bir k\u00f6y bo\u015fal\u0131r ya da ba\u015fka insanlarla dolar.\",\"Yeniden foto\u011fraflama bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fle ba\u015flar. \u0130lk foto\u011fraf\u0131n \u00e7ekildi\u011fi noktay\u0131 arars\u0131n, arazinin izin verdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yeniden bulursun ve bir foto\u011fraf daha \u00e7ekersin. Eski foto\u011fraf hem harita hem bilmecedir: arka plandaki bir s\u0131rt vadiyi tan\u0131mlar, bir \u00e7at\u0131 \u00e7izgisi makinenin y\u00fcksekli\u011fini verir, bir sokak k\u00f6\u015fesi art\u0131k yoktur.\",\"Pades\u2019te 1900\u2019\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131plak, tara\u00e7al\u0131 yama\u00e7lar\u0131 bug\u00fcn orman alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir ar\u015fiv bunu, iki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn yan yana durmas\u0131 kadar a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6ylemez.\"],\"v1cap\":\"Eski foto\u011fraf bug\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00f6y\u00fcn \u00fczerine iner, sonra kalkar.\",\"s3t\":\"Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ve bug\u00fcnde dedektif\",\"s3\":[\"Bu, ayn\u0131 anda ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ve bug\u00fcnde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir dedektif i\u015fidir. \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131 arka planlardad\u0131r: bir da\u011f\u0131n profili, bir \u00e7an kulesiyle bir s\u0131rt aras\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131, bak\u0131lan y\u00fckseklik. Tan\u0131klar yerin insanlar\u0131d\u0131r: biri bir evi tan\u0131r, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 bir yolun neden terk edildi\u011fini hat\u0131rlar. Ve bazen soru\u015fturma etiketi de\u011fi\u015ftirir: Plovdiv diye kataloglanm\u0131\u015f bir panorama, da\u011flar\u0131ndan, Sliven \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\"],\"handcap\":\"Sahada eski foto\u011fraf haritan\u0131n yerini tutar.\",\"s4t\":\"Kuram ve arazi\",\"s4\":[\"K\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde y\u00f6ntemin a\u015famalar\u0131 vard\u0131r: ar\u015fiv nesnesini tan\u0131mlars\u0131n, co\u011frafi atf\u0131 s\u0131nars\u0131n, makinenin konumunu yeniden kurars\u0131n, foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekersin, uymayan\u0131 not edersin. Arazide her seferinde ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr: tam nokta yeni bir binan\u0131n alt\u0131ndad\u0131r, orman\u0131n i\u00e7indedir, bir \u00e7itin arkas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Y\u00f6ntem araziye uyarlan\u0131r.\",\"Bu y\u00fczden yay\u0131mlanan her \u00e7ift, ne kadar kesin oldu\u011funu da s\u00f6yler: s\u0131k\u0131 hizalama; yakla\u015f\u0131k hizalama; yer belirlendi, bak\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmedi; yorumlay\u0131c\u0131 e\u015fle\u015ftirme. Belirsizlik \u00fczerine d\u00fcr\u00fcst bir c\u00fcmle de ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir sonu\u00e7tur.\"],\"pairst\":\"Ba\u015fka d\u00fcn\u2013bug\u00fcn \u00e7iftleri\",\"p_pades\":\"Pades, y. 1900 ve bug\u00fcn.\",\"p_syr\":\"Syrrako \/ Sereacu, y. 1900 ve bug\u00fcn.\",\"p_ioa\":\"Yanya \/ Ianina, y. 1900 ve bug\u00fcn.\",\"p_kru\":\"Kru\u015fevo \/ Cru\u0219uva, y. 1900 ve bug\u00fcn.\",\"v2cap\":\"Sisler Pades\u2019in \u00fczerinden h\u0131zla ge\u00e7iyor.\",\"foot\":\"Y\u00f6ntemin tamam\u0131, al\u0131nt\u0131lama kurallar\u0131 ve yer adlar\u0131 dizini \u0130ngilizce yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: <a href=\\\"\/tr\/research\/field-method\/\\\">Field method<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/tr\/research\/how-to-cite\/\\\">How to cite<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/tr\/research\/gazetteer\/\\\">Gazetteer<\\\/a>. Vakalar, tek tek, <a href=\\\"\/tr\/journal\/\\\">Journal<\\\/a> sayfas\u0131nda.\",\"credit\":\"1900 dolaylar\u0131ndaki foto\u011fraflar: Manaki karde\u015fler. Yeniden foto\u011fraflamalar, \u00e7ekimler ve montajlar: C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin.\",\"replay\":\"yeniden\"},\"bg\":{\"title\":\"\u0420\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\",\"lead\":\"\u0417\u0430\u0432\u0440\u044a\u0449\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u044f\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044a\u0442 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u0422\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044a\u0442 \u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442.\",\"herocap\":\"\u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441, \u041f\u0438\u043d\u0434. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044f \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430.\",\"s1t\":\"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0430\",\"s1\":[\"\u0421\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u044f\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u044a\u0442 \u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430; \u043c\u044f\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f. \u041f\u044a\u0442 \u0441\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043a\u044a\u0449\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u044a\u043b\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430.\",\"\u0420\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u044a\u0449\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0422\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0448 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043e \u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0448 \u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044a\u0442, \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0448 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0435 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430: \u0431\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u044a\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u044a\u0433\u044a\u043b\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430.\",\"\u0412 \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0442 1900 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e.\"],\"v1cap\":\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0432\u0434\u0438\u0433\u0430.\",\"s3t\":\"\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0442\u043e\",\"s3\":[\"\u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430, \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0432 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u044a\u0433\u044a\u043b\u044a\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e, \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043e \u043d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b. \u0421\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u044f\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e: \u043d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u044a\u0449\u0430, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0441\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u043e \u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u044a\u0442. \u0410 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430: \u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u041f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0434\u0438\u0432, \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430, \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438, \u0421\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d.\"],\"handcap\":\"\u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430.\",\"s4t\":\"\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044a\u0442\",\"s4\":[\"\u041d\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044a\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0435\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0438: \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0448 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0448 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0448, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0448 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u044a\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442 \u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e: \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430, \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044a\u0442 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430.\",\"\u0417\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e \u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430: \u043f\u043b\u044a\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435; \u043c\u044f\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430; \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430. \u0415\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u043e \u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0442.\"],\"pairst\":\"\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430\u2013\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0441\",\"p_pades\":\"\u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441, \u043e\u043a. 1900 \u0438 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0441.\",\"p_syr\":\"\u0421\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e \/ Sereacu, \u043e\u043a. 1900 \u0438 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0441.\",\"p_ioa\":\"\u042f\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430 \/ Ianina, \u043e\u043a. 1900 \u0438 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0441.\",\"p_kru\":\"\u041a\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043e \/ Cru\u0219uva, \u043e\u043a. 1900 \u0438 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0441.\",\"v2cap\":\"\u041c\u044a\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u0440\u0437\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441.\",\"foot\":\"\u041f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438: <a href=\\\"\/bg\/research\/field-method\/\\\">Field method<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/bg\/research\/how-to-cite\/\\\">How to cite<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/bg\/research\/gazetteer\/\\\">Gazetteer<\\\/a>. \u0421\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d, \u0432 <a href=\\\"\/bg\/journal\/\\\">Journal<\\\/a>.\",\"credit\":\"\u0421\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 1900: \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044f \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435: C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin.\",\"replay\":\"\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\"},\"ka\":{\"title\":\"\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10d0\",\"lead\":\"\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10df\u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1. \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1.\",\"herocap\":\"\u10de\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10de\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd \u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da \u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc.\",\"s1t\":\"\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d3\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8\",\"s1\":[\"\u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd \u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10d5\u10d8\u10e6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1; \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e2\u10e7\u10d4 \u10d8\u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d8\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.\",\"\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d4\u10eb\u10d4\u10d1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd, \u10de\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1 \u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d6\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1. \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea: \u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4 \u10ee\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1.\",\"\u10de\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 1900 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0\u10d0. \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10ea \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d4\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7.\"],\"v1cap\":\"\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d8\u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.\",\"s3t\":\"\u10d3\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ec\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8\",\"s3\":[\"\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d0: \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ec\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3. \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0: \u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d4, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10d5\u10d8\u10e6\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10d8\u10d0: \u10d5\u10d8\u10e6\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10e1 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10dd\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0. \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e7\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1: \u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e9\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0.\"],\"handcap\":\"\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd \u10e0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10e1 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\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0. \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0: \u10d6\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0\u10d0, \u10e2\u10e7\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e6\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10db\u10d0\u10d0. \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.\",\"\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d0: \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0; \u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0; \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8: \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0; \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8. \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0.\"],\"pairst\":\"\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8: \u10d2\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u2013\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1\",\"p_pades\":\"\u10de\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da. 1900 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1.\",\"p_syr\":\"Syrrako \/ Sereacu, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da. 1900 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1.\",\"p_ioa\":\"\u10d8\u10dd\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \/ Ianina, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da. 1900 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1.\",\"p_kru\":\"\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd \/ Cru\u0219uva, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da. 1900 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1.\",\"v2cap\":\"\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d6\u10d4.\",\"foot\":\"\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8, \u10ea\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e2\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3: <a href=\\\"\/ka\/research\/field-method\/\\\">Field method<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/ka\/research\/how-to-cite\/\\\">How to cite<\\\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\\\"\/ka\/research\/gazetteer\/\\\">Gazetteer<\\\/a>. \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3, <a href=\\\"\/ka\/journal\/\\\">Journal<\\\/a>-\u10e8\u10d8.\",\"credit\":\"\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 1900 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8: \u10eb\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d0. \u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10df\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8: C\u0103t\u0103lin D. Constantin.\",\"replay\":\"\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\"}}<\/script>\n<script>\n(function(){\n var pg=document.querySelector('.rpg'); if(!pg) return;\n var m=location.pathname.match(\/^\\\/(ro|el|sq|mk|tr|bg|ka)(\\\/|$)\/);\n var lg=m?m[1]:'en', T=null;\n if(lg!=='en'){\n  try{var D=JSON.parse(document.getElementById('rpI18N').textContent);T=D[lg]||null;}catch(e){}\n }\n if(T){\n  [].slice.call(pg.querySelectorAll('[data-k]')).forEach(function(el){\n   var k=el.getAttribute('data-k'),v;\n   if(k.indexOf('.')>-1){var a=k.split('.');v=(T[a[0]]||[])[parseInt(a[1],10)];}\n   else v=T[k];\n   if(typeof v==='string')el.innerHTML=v;\n  });\n  try{document.title=T.title.replace(\/<[^>]*>\/g,'')+' \\u2014 Beyond Yesterday';\n      document.documentElement.lang=lg;}catch(e){}\n }\n var RP=(T&&T.replay)?T.replay:'replay';\n [].slice.call(pg.querySelectorAll('.vwrap')).forEach(function(w){\n  var v=w.querySelector('video'),src=w.getAttribute('data-end');if(!v||!src)return;\n  var o=document.createElement('div');o.className='vend';o.style.backgroundImage='url(\"'+src+'\")';\n  var b=document.createElement('button');b.type='button';b.textContent=RP;\n  o.appendChild(b);w.appendChild(o);\n  v.addEventListener('ended',function(){o.classList.add('on');});\n  v.addEventListener('play',function(){o.classList.remove('on');});\n  b.addEventListener('click',function(e){e.preventDefault();o.classList.remove('on');v.currentTime=0;var p=v.play();if(p&&p.catch)p.catch(function(){});});\n });\n if(!window.matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches){\n  var vo=new IntersectionObserver(function(xs){xs.forEach(function(x){\n   if(x.isIntersecting&&!x.target.dataset.played){x.target.dataset.played='1';\n    var p=x.target.play();if(p&&p.catch)p.catch(function(){});vo.unobserve(x.target);}\n  });},{threshold:0.55});\n  [].slice.call(pg.querySelectorAll('video')).forEach(function(v){vo.observe(v);});\n }\n})();\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pades, Pindus. The Manakia photograph dissolving into today\u2019s view from the same point. 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